D Chiro Inositol Where To Buy ##TOP##
Inositol functions as a secondary messenger for serotonin and dopamine, neurotransmitters that send signals back and forth between the brain and other systems in the body. Low levels of inositol may disrupt this signaling.
d chiro inositol where to buy
[3] Lisi, F., Carfagna, P., Oliva, M. M., Rago, R., Lisi, R., Poverini, R., Manna, C., Vaquero, E., Caserta, D., Raparelli, V., Marci, R., & Moscarini, M. (2012). Pretreatment with myo-inositol in non polycystic ovary syndrome patients undergoing multiple follicular stimulation for IVF: a pilot study. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 10(52), 1-7.
[5] Benelli, E., Del Ghianda, S., Di Cosmo, C., & Tonacchera, M. (2016). A combined therapy with myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol improves endocrine parameters and insulin resistance in PCOS young overweight women. International Journal of Endocrinology. DOI:
[6] Sortino, M. A., Salomone, S., Carruba, M. O., & Drago, F. (2017). Polycystic ovary syndrome: insights into the therapeutic approach with inositols. Journal Frontiers in Pharmacology, 8(341), 1-13. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00341
[7] Papaleo, E., Unfer, V., Baillargeon, J.P., & Chiu, T.T. (2009). Contribution of myo-inositol to reproduction. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 147(2), 120-123. DOI:
[11] Lagana, A.S., Rossetti, P., Buscema, M., La Vignera, S., Condorelli, R.A., Gullo, G., Granese, R., & Triolo, O. (2016). Metabolism and ovarian function in PCOS women: A therapeutic approach with inositols. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2016, 1-9.
[14] Benelli, E., Del Ghianda, S., Di Cosmo, C., & Tonacchera, M. (2016). A combined therapy with myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol improves endocrine parameters and insulin resistance in PCOS young overweight women. International Journal of Endocrinology, 2016.
[16] Bhide, P., Pundir, J., Gudi, A., Shah, A., Homburg, R., & Acharya, G. (2019). The effect of myo-inositol/di-chiro-inositol on markers of ovarian reserve in women with PCOS undergoing IVF/ICSI: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 98(10).
[18] Colazingari, S., Treglia, M., Najjar, R., & Bevilacqua, A. (2013). The combined therapy myo-inositol plus d-chiro-inositol, rather than d-chiro-inositol, is able to improve IVF outcomes: results from a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 288, 1405-1411. -013-2855-3
NutraChamps uses the ideal ratio of Myo-Inositol and premium D-chiro Caronositol from the carob tree (2000mg to 50mg, or 40:1). This 40:1 ratio is the exact amount that the body naturally uses to support hormone and neurotransmitter production. Key benefits include ovarian, menstrual, PCOS & fertility support.
D-chiro Inositol is a insulin sensitizing agent. It is a secondary messenger in the signal transduction of insulin. D-chiro Inositol reduces the effects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) activity in cells. D-chiro Inositol is a mediator of insulin action via accelerating the dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase and pyruvate dehydrogenase and rate limiting enzymes of non-oxidative and oxidative glucose disposal. As a result of these actions D-chiro Inositol functions to reduce insulin resistance and increase sensitivity and glucose disposal. Can also be used as a building block for organic synthesis.
Why this matters for cycles and fertility?Your ovaries are one of the only tissues in your body that never give insulin the middle finger. What does that mean? When the rest of your body is being flooded with excess insulin, your ovaries are having to deal with all the extra traffic. They in turn convert way too much myo-inositol into d-chiro form. This is one of the reasons women with PCOS and other fertility delays have issues with oocytes that are ready for ovulation.
Minini M.Dept of Experimental Medicine, Systems Biology Group, Sapienza University, Rome, ItalyClose, Monastra G.Dept of Experimental Medicine, Systems Biology Group, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy g.monastra@gmail.com Close, Dinicola S.Dept of Experimental Medicine, Systems Biology Group, Sapienza University, Rome, ItalyCloseA double-edge sword: the role of D-chiro-inositol in oocyte and embryo quality
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial pathology that affects 10% of the women in reproductive age being the main cause of infertility due to menstrual dysfunction. Since 1980, it is known that PCOS is associated with insulin resistance (IR). The recognition of this association has prompted extensive investigation on the relationship between insulin and gonadal function, and has turned insulin sensitizer agent as the main therapeutic choice. In particular two different polyalcohol myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol have been shown to improve insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and to induce ovulation in PCOS women. In particular, while data on myo-inositol and restored ovulation were consistent, data on D-chiro-inositol were not . Recently, a comparative study, proposed a D-chiro-inositol paradox in the ovary of PCOS patients hypothesizing that only myo-inositol has a specific ovarian action. In the present study we aim to further study the role played by D-chiro-inositol at ovarian level.
Since 1980, it is known that PCOS is associated with insulin resistance (IR). The recognition of this association has prompted extensive investigation on the relationship between insulin and gonadal function [4]. Insulin acts synergistically with luteinizing hormone (LH) to enhance the androgen production of theca cells [5]. Furthermore, it is able to reduce circulating levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), leading to increased levels of free testosterone [6]. It has become clear that this syndrome has major metabolic as well as reproductive morbidities. Although the consensus meeting has decided to exclude IR from the diagnostic criteria, IR affects 50-80% of the patients with PCOS regardless BMI[7]. Accordingly, this association has led to the treatment of PCOS women with insulin sensitizing agents such as troglitazone [8], inositol [9, 10], metformin [11] for restoring spontaneous ovulation.
In particular, several lines of evidence suggest that a deficiency of inositol, which is a second messenger of the insulin signaling, may be linked to insulin resistance[12]. Inositol is a polyalcohol classified as insulin sensitizer and existing as nine stereoisomers, two of which are currently used in PCOS treatment: myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI) [9, 13]. Both stereoisomers show an insulin-like action in vivo exerting the function of insulin mediators as inositolphosphoglycans (IPGs) [14]. Indeed, MI is the most abundant form of inositol in humans while DCI is synthetized by an insulin-dependent epimerase that converts MI to DCI. Interestingly, every organ has a specific MI/DCI ratio likely linked to its specific needs (i.e. specific biological processes controlled be each inositol). Indeed, beside the common features, both inositols have specific action. DCI is able to induce glycogen synthesis; in particular, high DCI levels were identified only in glycogen storage tissues[14]. On the other hand, MI plays a crucial role at ovarian level. Recently, Chiu et al. have reported that high concentrations of MI positively correlate with high quality and mature oocytes and a recent review clearly summarized the important role of MI in human reproduction [15][16]. Furthermore, MI supplementation during IVF protocols has been shown to improve oocyte quality and reduce the number of IU of FSH necessary for ovarian stimulation [17, 18].
Some actions of insulin may be affected by putative inositolphosphoglycan (IPG) mediators of insulin action (13,14), and evidence suggests that a deficiency in a specific DCI-containing inositolphosphoglycan (DCI-IPG) may contribute to insulin resistance in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes (15,16). Several lines of evidence suggest that a deficiency in DCI-IPG contributes to insulin resistance in PCOS as well.
To assess these hypotheses in vivo, we studied women with PCOS and normal women and assessed circulating DCI and 24-h urinary clearance of DCI (uClDCI), release of insulin and DCI-IPG during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and insulin sensitivity by the minimal model technique. As a control, we also assessed the urinary clearance of myo-inositol (MYO), an inositol not believed to influence insulin sensitivity. The findings indicate a marked alteration in DCI urinary clearance and deficient insulin-stimulated DCI-IPG release in obese women with PCOS.
Plasma and urinary inositol concentrations were determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. [2H6]racemic chiro-inositol and [2H6]myo-inositol were added to plasma or urine as internal standards. The samples were then purified, derivatized with pentafluoropropionic anhydride, separated on a Chirasil-Val capillary column (Alltech, State College, PA), and analyzed in a negative ion chemical ionization mode on an HP 5973 mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA) with methane as the reagent gas, as previously reported (26). The 24-h urinary clearance was calculated by dividing 24-h urinary excretion by plasma concentration.
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that women with PCOS would exhibit abnormal metabolism of DCI and deficient insulin-stimulated release of DCI-IPG, which would correlate with their decreased sensitivity to insulin. Indeed, we found that women with PCOS, when compared with normal control women, had a greater than fivefold increase in uClDCI and a circulating concentration of DCI that was reduced by half. These abnormalities persisted even when corrected for differences in BMI between the PCOS and normal women and were confirmed with two-way ANOVA. Furthermore, insulin sensitivity correlated inversely and robustly with uClDCI, and the abnormal uClDCI in women with PCOS was accompanied by diminished insulin-stimulated release of the putative DCI-IPG mediator of insulin action. To serve as an internal control, the parameters of a different inositol, MYO, were also assessed. The levels and urinary clearance of MYO did not differ between PCOS women and normal women, confirming a defect specifically involving DCI in PCOS. 041b061a72